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6. Basic Computer Terms

Let's break down some of the most essential terms used in the world of computers. These are foundational words that every beginner should know.

1. Hardware

The physical parts of a computer system, such as the monitor, keyboard, mouse, CPU, hard drive, and printer. If you can touch it, it's hardware!

2. Software

The set of instructions or programs that tell the computer what to do. It includes applications like web browsers, games, and system software like Windows.

3. CPU (Central Processing Unit)

Known as the "brain" of the computer. It processes all instructions from software and hardware. It performs calculations, logic, and decision-making.

4. RAM (Random Access Memory)

Temporary memory that stores data while the computer is running. It helps speed up processes but loses data when the computer is turned off.

5. Hard Drive (HDD/SSD)

Long-term storage device that holds the operating system, programs, and files. SSDs are faster than HDDs and commonly used in modern systems.

6. Operating System (OS)

The main software that manages hardware and software resources. Examples include Windows, macOS, Linux, and Android.

7. Input Device

A hardware component used to enter data into a computer. Examples: Keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone.

8. Output Device

A device that displays or outputs data from the computer to the user. Examples: Monitor, printer, speakers.

9. Bit & Byte

A bit is the smallest unit of data (0 or 1). 8 bits make 1 byte. Data storage and memory are measured in bytes (KB, MB, GB, TB).

10. Network

A group of computers connected together to share data and resources. The internet is the world’s largest network.